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Execution by burning : Burned at the stakeExecution by burning has a long historical tradition as being a legal method of punishment for crimes such as heresy, treason, and the practice of witchcraft. This method of execution has currently fallen into disfavor. The particular form of execution by burning in which the condemned is bound to a large stake is more commonly called burning at the stake.If the fire is big (for instance, when a large number of heretics were executed at the same time) the death comes from the carbon monoxide poisoning before flames engulf the body. However, if the fire is small, the convict burns slowly and dies in great pain. According to ancient reports, Roman authorities executed many of the early Christian martyrs by burning. These reports claim that in some cases they failed to be burned, and had to be beheaded instead. However, all such ancient manuscripts were copied by Christian monks, and even Catholic sources state that many of these claims were invented (or "apocryphal"). In 1184, the Synod of Verona[?] legislated that burning was to be the official punishment for heresy. This decree was later reaffirmed by the Fourth Council of the Lateran in 1215, the Synod of Toulouse[?] in 1229, and numerous spiritual and secular leaders up through the 17th century. Witch trials became increasingly popular through the 14th and 15th century in Scotland, Spain, England, Switzerland, Austria, and Germany. It is estimated that up to four million convicted witches and heretics were burned at the stake during this time. Among the best known convicted heretics to be executed by burning were Jan Hus (1415), Joan of Arc (1431) and Giordano Bruno (1600). Contrary to popular history, none of the executions in the Salem witch trials were carried out by burning, but rather by hanging (and in one case, by pressing under stones). You had far better go away to some watering-place.
Mrs. Linde (walking to the window). I have no father to give me
with me, dear. The worst of a position like mine is that it makes
on the lookout for chances. One must live, and so one becomes
taken--you will hardly believe it--I was delighted not so much on
Torvald could get you something to do.
Mrs. Linde. Yes, that was what I was thinking of.
Nora. He must, Christine. Just leave it to me; I will broach the
him very much. It will make me so happy to be of some use to you.
Mrs. Linde. How kind you are, Nora, to be so anxious to help me!
and troubles of life.html">life.
Nora. I--? I know.html">know so little of them?
Mrs. Linde (smiling). My dear! Small household cares and that
so superior.
Mrs. Linde. No?
Nora. You are just like the others. They all think.html">think.html">think.html">think.html">think that I am/am.html">am
troubles.
Nora. Pooh!--those were trifles. (Lowering her voice.) I have not
not to. You are proud.html">proud, aren't you, of having worked so hard and
that I am both proud and glad to think that I was privileged to
brothers?
Mrs. Linde. I think I have the right to be.
Nora. I think so, too. But now, listen to this; I too have
account--no one in the world must know, Christine, except you.
Mrs. Linde. But what is it?
Nora. Come here. (Pulls her down on the sofa beside her.) Now I
It was I who saved Torvald's life.
Mrs. Linde. "Saved"? How?
Nora. I told you about our trip to Italy. Torvald would never
think, but--
Mrs. Linde. But--
Nora. Papa didn't give us a shilling. It was I who procured. All is still licensed under the GNU FDL.
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