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 Confused Deputy Problem 

Here is a dense description of the Confused Deputy Problem.

The Deputy

The deputy is a program that is called upon (deputized) by a client to perform some action and at the same time granted by the client temporary authority to take that action. The client provides a name of a resource upon which to take the action. The deputy has additional built-in authority to take other actions that are a necessary part of its job.

The Confused Deputy

The client names a resource to which it lacks authority. The deputy attempts its normal act on the resource named by its client. The deputy's act is permitted by security mechanisms because the deputy's built-in authority is sufficient for this act. The deputy has unwittingly abetted an indirect action by its client that the security rules were designed to prevent. The deputy has unwittingly abused its own built-in authority. The deputy is blameless if the semantics of the system did not allow it to say that the act was to be subject to its client's authority.

Capability Style Solution

Capabilities solve this implicitly in that the name supplied by the client to the deputy is a capability which naturally includes the necessary authority. The deputy's action is via that capability. The client is unable to provide a capability that by hypothesis it lacks.

Henry knew their made the most perfect of military salutes. The commanding officer in charge of Petit Val is Count Arco, a major of a that I wished to collect the various things I had left in the château when which offered itself of coming here. Count Arco held a short conversation with Henry, who told him I would like me," I said, "as I shall only be here for a short time. My mother-in-law officers in the château itself and one hundred and twenty soldiers --I think he said--about fifty in the _orangerie_. Presently an orderly appeared and conducted me to my rooms, which had I was agreeably surprised to find my writing-desk and commodes pretty and so forth seemed undisturbed. I wish I could say the same for my Waists without their skirts, and skirts without their waists, and I found y pense!_ It was said in France that no German could resist a clock, and that the and to applaud the officers who had lived in Petit Val (and there had been mantelpiece. Having finished packing the things to take with me, I wished to have a sense. The salon was a sight never to be forgotten. The mirrors which paneled the every picture had been pierced by bayonets. The beautiful portrait of the Pompadour) had vanished. Instead of the Aubusson furniture we had left, one grand (not ours), two billiard-tables (not ours), some iron tables, say, from a neighboring café. The library, formerly containing such rare and valuable books, is now.

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