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Dolphin

A dolphin is an aquatic mammal of the order Cetacea, which also includes the whales and porpoises.

Dusky Dolphins

The word is used in a few different ways. It can mean:

Family Delphinidae[?] (oceanic dolphins),
Both Delphinidae[?] and Platanistidae[?] (oceanic and river dolphins),
Or all of suborder Odontoceti[?] (toothed whales).

A porpoise (suborder Odontoceti[?], family Phocoenidae[?]) is distinct from a dolphin.

There are almost 40 species of true dolphin in 17 genera. They vary in size from 1.2 metres and 40 kilos (Heaviside's Dolphin[?]), up to 7 metres and 4.5 tonnes (the Killer Whale which, despite the name, is a dolphin). Most species weigh between about 50 and about 200 kilos. They are found worldwide, mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves, and all are carnivores, mostly taking fish and squid.

The dolphin family is the largest in the Cetacea, and relatively recent: dolphins evolved about 10 million years ago, during the Miocene.

List of dolphins

Delphinidae[?] Oceanic Dolphins

Long-Beaked Common Dolphin, Delphinus capensis
Short-Beaked Common Dolphin, Delphinus delphis

Northern Rightwhale Dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis
Southern Rightwhale Dolphin, Lissiodelphis peronii

Tucuxi, Sotalia fluviatilis

Indo-Pacific Humpbacked Dolphin, Sousa chinensis; Sousa plumbea
Atlantic Humpbacked Dolphin, Sousa teuszii

Atlantic Spotted Dolphin, Stenella frontalis
Clymene Dolphin, Stenella clymene
Pantropical Spotted Dolphin, Stenella attenuata
Spinner Dolphin, Stenella longirostris
Striped Dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba

Rough-Toothed Dolphin, Steno bredanensis

Bottlenose Dolphin, Tursiops truncatus

Chilean Dolphin, Cephalorhynchus eutropia
Commerson's Dolphin, Cephalorhynchus commersonii
Heaviside's Dolphin, Cephalorhynchus heavisidii
Hector's Dolphin, Cephalorhynchus hectori

Risso's Dolphin, Grampus griseus

Fraser's Dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei

Atlantic White-Sided Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus
Dusky Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus
Hourglass Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus cruciger
Pacific White-Sided Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obliquidens
Peale's Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus australis
White-Beaked Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris

Irrawaddy Dolphin, Orcaella brevirostris

Platanistidae[?] River Dolphins

Boto (Amazon River Dolphin,)Inia geoffrensis

Chinese River Dolphin (Baiji) Lipotes vexillife

Franciscana (La Plata River Dolphin) Pontoporia blainvillei

Ganges River Dolphin Platanista gangetica
Indus River Dolphin Platanista minor

External link

cetacea site (http://www.cetacea.org/)

Dolphin (or more properly, dolphinfish) is also used to describe a species of fish which is unrelated to the mammal. The name is being used more and more infrequently and is has generally been replaced with the name mahi-mahi to avoid confusion with the mammal, especially since the fish is commonly eaten.

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