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New York : New York stateAlternate meaning: New York City | |||
In 1683, the government was reorganized into a pattern still followed, and the state was divided into twelve counties, each of which was subdivided into towns. Ten of those counties still exist (see below), but two (Cornwall and Dukes) were in territory purchased by the Duke of York from the Earl of Sterling, and are no longer within the territory of the State of New York, having been transferred by treaty to Massachusetts, Dukes in 1686 and Cornwall in 1692. (Cornwall County became a large portion of the State of Maine when that state was detached from Massachusetts in 1819; Dukes County is still a county in Massachusetts.) While the number of counties has been increased to 62, the pattern still remains that a town in New York State is a subdivision of a county, rather than an incorporated municipality as in most (but not all) other States.
New York was one of the thirteen colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.
As in all fifty states, the head of the executive branch of government is a Governor. The legislative branch is called the Legislature, and consists of a Senate[?] and an Assembly[?]. For many years, the two houses of the state legislature have been controlled by different political parties, making legislation and particularly budgeting difficult. Unlike most States, the New York electoral law permits electoral fusion, and New York ballots tend to have, in consequence, a larger number of parties on them, some being permanent minor parties that seek to influence the major parties and others being ephemeral parties formed to give major-party candidates an additional line on the ballot.
It borders Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, Canada (Quebec and Ontario), Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the Atlantic Ocean. The state includes everything from skyscrapers in Manhattan to rivers, mountains, and lakes in upstate New York. Niagara Falls is one of the chief attractions. Three major islands form an important part of the state: Long Island, Manhattan Island, and Staten Island. The Hudson River flows through the eastern portion of the state.
New York is the leading center of banking, finance and communication in the United States. Its 1999 total gross state product was $755 billion, second only to California in the nation. Its 2000 Per Capita Personal Income was $34,547, placing it 4th in the nation. New York's agricultural outputs are dairy products, cattle and other livestock, vegetables, nursery stock, and apples. Its industrial outputs are printing and publishing, scientific instruments, electric equipment, machinery, chemical products, and tourism.
As of 2000, New York is the third largest state in population after California and Texas, with a population of 18,976,457.
Albany is the state capital, and New York City is by far the largest city.
Its major cities and towns are:
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in silence, and possessed my soul in quiet.
Anything, though never so little, which a man speaks of himself, in
subject, and proceed to give the second.html">second reason which may justify a
is become a public nuisance. All those whom Horace in his satires,
infamy, are wholly such. It is an action of virtue to make examples
crimes and follies, both for their own amendment (if they are not
falling into those enormities, which they see are so severely
excuse for revenge; but this second is absolutely of a poet's office
capable of this duty! When they come in my way, it is impossible
in common justice from the choice of such persons as are the proper
their injustice! The weaker sex is their most ordinary theme; and
Amongst men, those who are prosperously unjust are entitled to a
manner of reproaches; no decency is considered, no fulsomeness
there is a perpetual dearth of wit, a barrenness of good sense and
this sort of scribbling. There can be no pleasantry where there is
foundation. To conclude: they are like the fruits of the earth in
with rankness, but the greater part of the harvest is laid along,
the barns. This is almost a digression, I confess to your lordship;
rubbish I will return to the comparison of Juvenal and Horace.
I would willingly divide the palm betwixt them upon the two heads of
must be granted by the favourers of Juvenal that Horace is the more
in my particular.html">particular opinion, which I set not up for a standard to
profited by both, I am pleased with both; but I owe more to Horace
said, is my particular taste of these two authors. They who will
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