Quality
The term quality refers to how good something or somebody is. In the case of a person this is considered in a particular context, such as worker[?], student, sportsperson, etc. The term is often used in opposition to quantity. In science, the work of Aristotle focused on measuring quality; whereas, the work of Galilei resulted in a shift towards the study of quantity.In manufacturing, quality is the concept of making products with the fewest defects. Many different techniques and concepts have been tried to minimize defects in products, including Zero Defects[?], Six Sigma, and the House of Quality[?]. Most of these techniques and concepts are controversial to one degree or another, since there are two opposing schools of thought with regard to quality. One school subcribes to a statistical approach to quality, measuring defects and then taking corrective action. The other school subscribes to a more organic approach, arguing that one should "design in quality" rather than trying to "test in quality".
The meaning for the term quality has developed over time. Three distinctive interpretations:
- "Conforming to specifications" (Phil Crosby in the 1980s). The difficulty with this is that the specifications are not what the customer wants.
- "Fitness for use" (Joseph Juran). Fitness is defined by the customer.
- A two-dimensional model of quality (Noriaki Kano and others). The quality has two dimensions: "must-be quality" and "attractive quality". The former is near to the "fitness for use" and the latter is what the customer would love, but has not yet thought about. Supporters characterise this model more succinctly as: "Products and services that meet or exceed customers' expectations". This is today the most used interpretation for the term quality.
See also: Quality Management System, ISO 9000
The eagle eye of a
rest were a picture--the mutinous face and keen eyes of Fanny Dover,
started away from her too-enterprising wooer; and the tall, thin, grim
both her charges alternately with steel-gray orbs; she seemed like an
into the room, and said, very expressively, "I am afraid I disturb you."
Zoe, from crimson, blushed scarlet, and hung her head; but Fanny was
you are always welcome. Where ever have you been all this time? We were
her, glided instantly to her side, and Aunt Maitland opened battle all
were doing when I came in?"
Zoe clutched Fanny, and both awaited Mr. Severne's reply for one moment
with a sort of cheerful readiness, as if he were delighted at her
Vizard's diamond ring."
Fanny tittered; Zoe blushed again at such a fib and such _aplomb._
"Oh, indeed," said Miss Maitland; "you were admiring it very close, sir."
"It is like herself--it will bear inspection."
This was wormwood to Miss Maitland. "Even in our ashes live their wonted
praised. She bridled, then returned to the attack.
"Next time you wish to inspect it, you had better ask her _to take it
think that a liberty?"
His mild effrontery staggered her for a moment, and she glared at him,
With this she turned her back on him rather ungraciously, and opened.
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