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Retailer : ShopIn commerce, a retailer buys goods or products in large quantities from manufacturers or importers[?], either directly or through a wholesaler, and then sells individual items or small quantities to the general public or end user customers, usually in a shop, also called store. Retailers are at the end of the supply chain.Many shops are part of a chain: a number of similar shops with the same name selling the same products in different locations. The shops may be owned by one company, or there may be a franchising company that has franchising agreements with the shop owners (see also restaurant chain). A large shop is called a superstore or megastore. A shop with many different kinds of articles is called a department store. Shops may be on residential streets, or in shopping streets with little or no houses, or in a shopping center or shopping mall. Shopping streets may or may not be for pedestrians only. Sometimes a shopping street has a partial or full roof to protect customers from precipitation. Some shops sell second-hand goods. Often the public can also sell goods to such shops. In other cases, especially in the case of a nonprofit shop, the public donates goods to the shop to be sold (see also thrift store). The term retailer is also applied where a service provider services the needs of a large number of individuals, such as with telephone or electric power. Retail prices are often so-called psychological prices or odd prices: a little less than a round number, e.g. $ 6.95. Often prices are fixed and displayed. Alternatively, there is price discrimination (a customer has to pay more if the seller assumes that he or she is willing to do that due to wealth, carelessness or eagerness to buy) and possibly a bargaining situation. It is a "fight" about how the total surplus is divided into consumer and producer surplus, with for both parties the "threat" that there is no surplus at all because the sale is off. Shopping is buying things, sometimes as a recreational activity. A cheap version of the latter is window shopping (just looking, not buying).
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Psychological prices (http://marketing-bulletin.massey.ac.nz/article8/research1b.asp)
attendance had cleared away the broken chariots and led off the horses.
had gained on the others and was now fourth.
In the third round.html">round.html">round.html">round the chariot of the red driver in front of Marcus made
dragged on by the terrified beasts, and the charioter with it, till.html">till, by
Christian who till now had been second to Hippias shared the same fate,
sheds next to Hippias.
Hippias had ceased to flout and dally. In spite of the delay that Marcus
the black Arabs had sensibly diminished, round after round; and the
Christian. Never before had so passionate and reckless a contest been
were carried away by the almost frenzied rivalry of the two drivers.
women alike had risen to their feet and were shouting and roaring to the
was it drowned by the tumult in the amphitheatre.
Only the ladies, in the best places above the starting-sheds, preserved
begun, even the widow Mary leaned forward a little and clasped her hands
round the obelisk or past the Taraxippos, Dada had clutched her head with
clear of the fatal stone and whirled past the dreadful bronze statue, she
Her sympathy made her one with Marcus; she felt as if his loss must be
Christian; the distance which lay between Marcus and the team of bays
not diminish it by a hand-breadth. The two agitatores had now completely
onward, leaning over the front of their chariots, speaking to the horses,
unsparingly. Steamy sweat and lathering foam streaked the flanks of the
dry, furrowed and trampled soil. The other chariots were left further
and last time, these two were nearing the nyssa, the crowd for a moment
.
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