word looked up :

Feces : Stool

Feces (also spelt faeces) is the excrement from the digestive tract expelled from the anus of animals by defecation. It consists of water, undigested food residues, digestive secretions, and bacteria. The reddish-brown color of human feces is derived from stercobilin, created by bacterial action on bilirubin and subsequent oxidation. Feces are also known as scat and scatology is the study of feces.

Feces are generally a taboo subject (see toilet humour). This is probably because of the need to keep feces well away from food, for health reasons.

Coprophilia is a sexual attraction to feces. Coprophagia is the extremely hazardous practice of eating feces.

Laboratory testing of feces

As well as being a chair[?] without a back support, a stool is a term used for a feces sample that requires medical testing.

Faeces will usually be required for microbiological testing, looking for an intestinal pathogen[?].

Biochemical tests done on faeces include faecal elastase[?] and faecal fat[?] measurements, as well as tests for faecal occult blood[?].

It is recommanded that the clinician correlateds the symptoms and submit specimen according to laboratory guidelines to obtain results that is clinically significant. Formed stools often do not give satisfactory results and suggest little of actual pathologic conditions.

Three main types of microbiological tests are commonly done on faeces:

Antibody-antigen type tests, that look for a specific virus (e.g. rotavirus).
Microscopic examination for intestinal parasites and their ova (eggs).
Routine culture.

Routine culture involves streaking the sample onto agar plates containing special additives, such as MacConkey's Agar[?], that will inhibit the growth of Gram positive organisms and will selectively allow enteric pathogens to grow, and incubating them for a period, and observing the bacterial colonies that have grown.

The main pathogens that are commonly looked for in faeces include:

Salmonella and Shigella
Yersinia (this tends to be incubated at 30°C, which is cooler than usual.)
Campylobacter (incubated at 42°C, in a special environment.)
Aeromonas[?]
Candida (if the person is immunosupressed e.g. cancer treatment.)
E. coli O157 (if blood is visible in the stool sample.)

External links and references

Urobilinogen (http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/medicine/units/biochem/coursenotes/blanchaer_tutorials/Frank_II/urobilinogen.html)
Liver biochemistry (http://www.mcevoy.demon.co.uk/Medicine/Pathology/Biochem/Liver/Biochem.html)
History of Shit by Dominique Laporte (ISBN 0262621606)

with this giant, who walked with such case, knocking down.html">down.html">down difficulties them for the first time that the poems Shekhar wrote were absurdly themselves. They were neither new, nor.html">nor.html">nor difficult, nor instructive, nor to make a final effort. But Shekhar took no notice, and remained fixed and put it on Pundarik's head. Everybody in the hall cheered. From the waist-chains hung with golden bells. Shekhar rose from his seat and from his shelves and heaped them on the floor. Some of them contained the pages, reading passages here and there. They all seemed to him poor containing fire.html">fire, and said : "To thee, to thee, O my beauty, my fire! were a piece of gold it would come out of its trial brighter, but it is ashes." The night wore on. Shekhar opened wide his windows. He spread upon his chrysanthemums, and brought into his bedroom all the lamps he had in his poisonous root he drank it and lay down on his bed.html">bed.html">bed. Golden anklets tinkled in the passage outside the door, and a subtle your servant at last and come to see him ?" The answer came in a sweet voice "My poet.html">poet.html">poet, I have come." Shekhar opened his eyes--and saw before his bed the figure of a woman. His sight was dim and blurred. And it seemed to him that the image made heart had come into the outer world in his last moment to gaze upon his justice. It was you who won at the combat, my poet, and I have come to hair, and the poet fell down upon his bed stricken by death. ONCE THERE WAS A KING "Once upon a time there was a king.html">king." When we were children there was no need to know who the king in the .

On wordlookup.net

All is still licensed under the GNU FDL.
It uses material from the wikipedia.

navig stuff