UNIX manual
Almost all substantial UNIX and Unix-like operating systems have extensive documentation available as an electronic manual, split into multiple sections.To read a page from the manual, one can use the command
$ man [<section>] <page_name>
at a shell prompt, e.g. "man ftp" (the section number can usually be omitted). Pages are traditionally referred to using the notation "page_name(section)", e.g. ftp(1).
The section number is used to allow a specific manual page to be chosen when there are multiple manual pages with the same name. This can occur when the names of system calls, user commands, or macro packages[?] conflict. Two examples are man(1) and man(7), or exit(1) and exit(3).
Manual sections
The manual is generally split into eight numbered sections, organised as follows:
| Section | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | General commands |
| 2 | Low-level system calls |
| 3 | C library functions |
| 4 | Special files (usually devices, those found in /dev) |
| 5 | File formats and conventions |
| 6 | Games |
| 7 | Miscellanea |
| 8 | System administration and associated commands |
On some systems some of three other sections are available:
| Section | Description |
|---|---|
| 9 | Kernel routines (obsolete) |
| n | Tcl/Tk keywords |
| x | The X Window System |
The manual pages are stored as nroff source files. Most versions of man cache the formatted versions of the last several pages viewed.
For an example of a man page see chmod.
External links
- http://www.foldoc.org/man.cgi : Internet gateway to Linux's man command
This article was originally based on material from FOLDOC, used with permission. Update as needed.
and Zschokke, in German.
Other stories can be given only passing mention. The beautiful
later portrait of Miladi, in the Three Musketeers, the mast
Pacha, the Turkish despot, should not be charged entirely to Dumas,
"ghosts," Mallefille.
"Not a mere artist"--writes M. de Villemessant, founder of the
effects which have so much distinguished his theatrical career, and
alone can present to the reader the mind and spirit of an age. Not a
sources of information, has weighed testimonies, elicited theories,
thorough prose."
WIDGER'S QUOTATIONS
FROM ALEXANDRE DUMAS CELEBRATED CRIMES
THE BORGIAS
heaven; and though they perfectly well knew his duplicity, they had no
good-nature which Macchiavelli so greatly admired, and which indeed more
certain people were complaining of the venality of justice, "God wills
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this costume, that, we are told, he let her keep the pearl for the same
affections of a lover.html">lover and a father, when he heard that his uncle, who
III. But the young man was at this time so much a lover that love
exaltation of his uncle, which was no doubt destined to force him once
cenci10.txt or cenci10.zip[Etext #2742]
On the 11th of August, 1492, after the lingering death-agony of Innocent
streets of Rome, Alexander VI ascended the pontifical throne. Son of a
created cardinal, had five children by Rosa Vanozza, whom he afterwards
extraordinary, and having explained the nature of these tortures, we
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On
wordlookup.net
All is still licensed under the GNU FDL.
It uses material from the wikipedia.
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